Scottish Rock Garden Club Forum
General Subjects => Flowers and Foliage Now => Topic started by: ian mcdonald on September 01, 2015, 09:42:10 PM
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Two interesting groups of plants are the mosses and lichens. There are many shapes and colours. Here are two to start with. Sphagnum magellanicum img 3272 and Cladonia sp. possibly floerkeana img 3475.
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Found this growing on a peat bank beside a track near the upper River Don in Aberdeenshire, on the edge of the Cairngorms. Any ID please?
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A sphagnum 044 and a lichen 014.
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Found this growing on a peat bank beside a track near the upper River Don in Aberdeenshire, on the edge of the Cairngorms. Any ID please?
It's a Cladonia, Ralph.
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A useful site is britishlichens.co.uk with photo gallery.
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And coming soon - Lichens of Nova Scotia, under construction.
https://sites.google.com/site/lichensnovascotia/ (https://sites.google.com/site/lichensnovascotia/)
This may be of interest as well:
https://www.novascotia.ca/nse/protectedareas/docs/EducationResearch_BorealFeltLichen.pdf (https://www.novascotia.ca/nse/protectedareas/docs/EducationResearch_BorealFeltLichen.pdf)
john
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Metzgeria furcata, a liverwort img 3751. Tree lungwort img 3841.
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Lichens by the sea img 021. A miniature garden img 3496.
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Sphagnum capillifolium ssp. rubellum img. 4299. Cladonia incrassata img. 006 a very small species.
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Lichens by the sea img 021.
Ian, I was walking the dogs on a local beach yesterday morning when I saw this wall and thought of you!
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What a wall that is Matt! That would break the gales.
Here are a few lichens, the first on a deciduous azalea - a sign it's time for rejuvenation, the rest are on trees around the city. Panayoti was quite taken by the big green one. The lindens are in front of the house and the amount of lichens on each is amazing. No pix of our version of Spanish moss - Old Man's Beard which is very common in the wild, especially so in the fog belt.
john
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Hello Matt, I think the coastal one is very common on rocks, I think its a xanthoria. John, your second photo also looks like tree lungwort or a similar species.
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Some growth on a dead birch 500m asl.
The fungus is Piptoporus betulinus, the lichens are unknown.
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A wig stand? img 082. Moss on tufa img 101.
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Two old pictures :)
"Lichenized" trees and two friends!
Lichen on a branch.
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Two old pictures :)
"Lichenized" trees and two friends!
That's amazing ... suggestive of quite a damp climate. ::)
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The tree lichens remind me of the far north west.
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Yesterday Jiri, Ludmila, Ken and I meandered round the coastal headlands/heathlands near Halifax, Nova Scotia and nearby spots. Some of the lichens I found along the way.
First on a whale bone that has been in the same spot in Peggy's Cove since I was a child. And the big rock against which it leans
john
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On to Polly Cove where we had a great long walk over the headlands and spied many a fine lichen.
john
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More in Polly Cove, Nova Scotia.
john
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Ian M. did the right thing in opening this thread for sure - mosses and lichens are so often over-looked yet they are so very interesting - not to mention decorative.
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Ian M. did the right thing in opening this thread for sure - mosses and lichens are so often over-looked yet they are so very interesting - not to mention decorative.
I heartily agree and perhaps with his permission we could rename the thread as such. Also easier to find!
john
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I heartily agree and perhaps with his permission we could rename the thread as such. Also easier to find!
john
That's a good idea - hope he'll agree.
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Missed attaching this glorious little garden on a weathered piece of wood that we found along the roadside in Tantallon, Nova Scotia. A nice souvenir for Ludmila to take home. We had stopped to find Epigaea repens, Ken found the first sheet of it then we noticed tens of thousands of British Soliders all along the roadside.
johnw
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Following John W's suggestion, and with Ian M's help, we're re-naming this thread to make its subject more obvious.
8)
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An excellent book for budding Bryologists is Mosses and Liverworts of Britain and Ireland, a field guide. Published by the British Bryological Society. We could do with an equivalent guide for Lichens. The one I have contains black and white photos which are a bit dated.
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An excellent book for budding Bryologists is Mosses and Liverworts of Britain and Ireland, a field guide. Published by the British Bryological Society. We could do with an equivalent guide for Lichens. The one I have contains black and white photos which are a bit dated.
An excellent introduction to Lichens is 'Lichens of Ireland' by Paul Whelen. Although restricted to the more common species it still covers 250 and is well illustrated. It also has pointers to help with identification. Most of the species depicted are found in the UK as a whole.
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Img. 1000613 is Pleurozia purpurea, a liverwort. The common name is purple spoonwort. To my un-tutored eyes it looked like a compact moss.
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What a fascinating thread Ian - a whole new world. Don't really know these Lower Plants at all well (apart from the frustration of liverworts and mosses on old seed pots!). This is the bark on a Plane Tree in Battersea Car Park right next to the Thames, but the best lichened trees I have ever seen must be a row next to the river at Beddgelert in Snowdonia - unfortunately I only have slides.
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Good picture Tim. The yellow one may be a Xanthoria. Lichens, and for that matter, mosses, are not my subject but they are interesting to look at. The Field Studies Council have several good charts dealing with the more common species of different branches of Natural History.
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A white barked tree trunk? No!
It's a Sugar maple completely covered by a crustose type lichen.
And it seems that that same crustose lichen is covering a foliose lichen in the lower left?
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The autumn colours are surreal this year, time to pause and enjoy this little pub scene.... Pixie Cups.
john
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............................enjoy this little pub scene....
john
I couldn't see a single pint? :P ::) ;D
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I couldn't see a single pint? :P ::) ;D
Took the pic on my way OUT the door.
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img 1000602 sphagnum fuscum?
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Selaginella rupestris, wild in western Minnesota, USA.
Selaginella tamariscina, in a garden in northern Wisconsin, USA. Zone 3, heavy natural snow cover.
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Found this interesting 'moss-on-the rock' in the woods, besides many other mosses at this time of year. It wasn't easy to find at least the genus, seems that it may be an Orthotrichum? First time I've seen it, or maybe I didn't pay enough attention...
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[attach=2]
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What an excellent forum topic! When the flowers are out of bloom, these groups still provide tons of interest and I always enjoy seeing them.
I thought these were liverworts but it seems they are actually lichens, possibly Peltigera aphthosa. This type of lichen is common in the woods out here and I see similar-looking ones that are either green or grey. The book I have (Mosses, Lichens and Ferns of Northwest North America; Vitt, Marsh and Bovey) says that this species is bright green when moist and dull grey-green when dry, so maybe that explains it? However, grey and green ones are often interspersed on the forest floor so I'm not sure - perhaps I'm actually seeing different species?
Photo from Nov. 7/15 in Banff N.P.:
[attach=1]
More lichens... Rhizocarpon geographicum, I think, and others on a quartzite outcrop in the mountains:
[attach=2]
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Lichen, Letharia sp., on an alpine larch branch in the understory of grouseberry (? - Vaccinium scoparium) and crowberry in September:
[attach=1]
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What an excellent forum topic! When the flowers are out of bloom, these groups still provide tons of interest and I always enjoy seeing them.
Aren't they great for those 'no-snow' short periods? Hope to establish more in the garden too.
Another one looking like a green puppy sleeping in the leaves; it was nice to stroke its 'fur' :)
[attach=1]
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My friend, Mike Heim, is a botany professor at a local college in northern Wisconsin, USA. He conducts field trips in wild Wisconsin. Some have been video recorded, and he is very knowledgeable with the local flora, fauna, geology and ecosystems. Lichens, mosses and fungi always pop up in his forays, and some of you might be interested.
http://www.apg-wi.com/sawyer_county_record/news/video-bog-walk-with-michael-heim/youtube_8e464456-6855-11e5-80bf-eb707eb9b474.html (http://www.apg-wi.com/sawyer_county_record/news/video-bog-walk-with-michael-heim/youtube_8e464456-6855-11e5-80bf-eb707eb9b474.html)
http://www.apg-wi.com/sawyer_county_record/news/local/video-michael-heim-leads-field-trip-to-brunsweiler-canyon-penokee/youtube_ebdf6702-80e0-11e5-97b1-d7289f985e4d.html (http://www.apg-wi.com/sawyer_county_record/news/local/video-michael-heim-leads-field-trip-to-brunsweiler-canyon-penokee/youtube_ebdf6702-80e0-11e5-97b1-d7289f985e4d.html)
And more here:
http://www.apg-wi.com/search/?f=&q=michael+heim&d1=&d2=&s=start_time&sd=desc&l=10&t=&nsa=eedition (http://www.apg-wi.com/search/?f=&q=michael+heim&d1=&d2=&s=start_time&sd=desc&l=10&t=&nsa=eedition)
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Out in the woods yesterday so I can renew this thread:
Trametes versicolor - Turkey Tail
[attachimg=1]
Sarcoscypha occidentalis - Scarlet pixie cup (S. coccinea is not that small but I may be wrong)
[attachimg=2]
Lichen and a rock moss I don't know yet; I like it the way it grows on rocks:
[attachimg=3]
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Good to see your woodland species, Gabriela, especially living in a treeless area.
The Sarcoscypha occidentalis is immature, it will open to expose a completely red surface. As a North American Continent species, I cannot comment further.
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Good to see your woodland species, Gabriela, especially living in a treeless area.
The Sarcoscypha occidentalis is immature, it will open to expose a completely red surface. As a North American Continent species, I cannot comment further.
That must be tough to live in a treeless region. Unfortunately, there was only a thin stick with three bodies attached, maybe I will find more in the spring - I hope.
I've seen on the web great pictures with scarlet cups among snowdrops flowering and I am thinking that they would also make a nice scenery with our Dicentra cuccularia.
Did you know they are edible?
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That must be tough to live in a treeless region. Unfortunately, there was only a thin stick with three bodies attached, maybe I will find more in the spring - I hope.
I've seen on the web great pictures with scarlet cups among snowdrops flowering and I am thinking that they would also make a nice scenery with our Dicentra cuccularia.
Did you know they are edible?
I do miss trees but a price worth paying to live in such a beautiful area. I live right on the coast overlooking the Atlantic and part of the charm is the vast open landscape. We have thin soil overlying sand, coupled with ferocious winter gales, so wouldn't support tree growth. The east side of the island is peat moorland where trees would grow with sufficient protection from deer.
Many fungi are edible but not many, in my opinion, are worth bothering with as they are largely tasteless or even unpleasant. Bearing in mind that the world mycota is estimated as 6-10 times that of the flora (and probably even more than that) there is ample room for mistakes. A large number of 'poisonous' fungi will only give to a bad stomach but some with destroy your nervous system, and a few with kill you. :o
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I watched a video of your region once, provided by someone on the forum - it is wildly beautiful, although I wouldn't switch it with our woods :)
You're right about the mushrooms, don't worry I only have a purely ornamental interest in the scarlet cups.
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A yellow lichen is spreading throughout the region on elder. I think it may be Xanthoria parietina.
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I do not understand the sentence. in French it is translated as "yellow lichen on old men of the region"
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Elder is the common English name of Sambucus (Sureau) Cfred, and Xanthoria is the yellow lichen.
So he was saying that this yellow lichen is preading on all Sambucus in that region.
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Ok, Sambucus nigra, Racemosa, ... i Know.
I understand better now, thank you
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Birch trees with lichen. The dark one may be a Bryoria sp. It is several species in Norway.
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Hello Cfred, I think your translation "yellow lichen on old men of the region" :D, is apt. We old men of the region do not move very fast and are likely to become lichen hosts.
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Hello Cfred, I think your translation "yellow lichen on old men of the region" :D, is apt. We old men of the region do not move very fast and are likely to become lichen hosts.
In this case, you may be worthy of inclusion in a fairytale film ;D :D :D :D
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Some images from Bruar Falls in Perthshire about 1.5hrs north of Edinburgh
Mossy mounds
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And some lichens
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Hugo was there too!
The first photo is just after I had seen a deer disappear over the top of the hill and just as Hugo picked up the scent. Had he not been on his lead he would have disappeared too ::)
The second as he scoured the scene for another.
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Hugo was there too!
The first photo is just after I had seen a deer disappear over the top of the hill and just as Hugo picked up the scent. Had he not been on his lead he would have disappeared too ::)
The second as he scoured the scene for another.
Hugo of the Baskervilles!
;D
cheers
fermi
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Graham, your first image 3762, looks like a Polytrichum species.
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Graham, your first image 3762, looks like a Polytrichum species.
I agree. Possibly P. commune.
I think the second picture is Hylocomium splendens.
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Hugo of the Baskervilles!
;D
cheers
fermi
;D
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I agree. Possibly P. commune.
I think the second picture is Hylocomium splendens.
Thanks for the id's Ian and Hoy.
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We are being watched by your new avatar ;D
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If you are in Tallinn Estonia at any time their Botanic Garden has lovely displays of mosses and lichens. I will try and dig out the pictures.
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For others interested in Tallinn, see Shelagh's thread :http://www.srgc.net/forum/index.php?topic=10635.0 where she does show a few mossy pix!
There is also this thread about Estonian gardens ...
http://www.srgc.net/forum/index.php?topic=124.0 (http://www.srgc.net/forum/index.php?topic=124.0)
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Thanks Maggi, faster than a speeding something. (Can't remember!! Champion the Wonder Horse) Well we have Maggi the Wonder Moderator superior to all others ;)
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A species of Bryum img. 3170.
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Ulota crispa senso lata, img. 4054. Ulota phyllantha img. 3741. Antitrichia curtipendula img. 3615.
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Plagiothecium undulatum img. 3084. Hylocomium splendens img. 2814. Orthotrichum striatum img. 002.
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No sure of the species but thought you all might be interested to see a South Australian rock lichen.
[attachimg=1]
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No sure of the species but thought you all might be interested to see a South Australian rock lichen.
Perfect illustration of the intricacy of the patterns and shapes in Lichen. Terrific.
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ian mac. - have you ever thought of collecting spores and growing a little moss garden ? Like the mini-gardens at the shows, only with just mosses?
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A good idea Maggi. It may be too dry in my garden for epiphytic mosses. I do have a tiny "bog" garden with a few sphagnum. I have had to put a net over it or the local blackbird pulls pieces of moss from it to line her nest. Photo to follow if others are interested in this type of habitat. Off for a coffee at the local garden centre.
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Enjoying seeing the mosses, Ian.
Here is the closely related Ulota bruchii.
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Seems the experts have difficulty with the two Ulota according to the field guide. Attached is a photo of my bog garden. It measures 2ft. 6" x 2ft. My small garden is a collection of micro-habitats. I like to grow many native plants but have to find or make somewhere to put them. Came back from the garden centre after a shower of rain and the washing is now wetter than when I put it out. Warm and sunny now.
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Jamus, your lichen reminds me of map lichen but I don,t know the distribution. My bog garden was made by excavating a small hole, filling with heavy duty pond liner. Into this I put a few inches of coarse potting compost and filled it with rain water. I left this for a while to allow the nutrients in the compost to disappear, about 6 weeks. I then introduced a few stems of a small variety of sphagnum and they grew well. Sphagnum can be collected from exhibitors after plant shows as the exhibitors sometimes dispose of it after the shows or will gladly give small pieces. I live in a hard water area so rain water is used to top up the water in the "bog." There is a small plant of cranberry growing on top of the sphagnum and an andromeda planted next to the bog. This is spreading into the bog. Not ideal but I am pleased with the result.
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A wonderful range of mosses Ian. Your Bryum (img. 3170) reminds me of one growing in wet seep areas (http://www.srgc.net/forum/index.php?topic=5903.msg164410#msg164410) at almost 2000m on Áhkká, northern Sweden.
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Ashley, the Bryum was in a wet flush, so similar habitats. Lichens on pine img. 3913. A lichen garden by the sea img.014.
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Salix reticulata, though it could be S. vestita, trying to escape a good stand of lichen at Cape Norman on The Great Northern Peninsula of Newfoundland.
johnw
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Pellia epiphylla (a Liverwort). Does it remind you of someone's hairstyle?
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Hi Roma
Isn't that a grass or sedge with Pellia at its base?
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No, Chris. The white stuff is the fruiting bodies of the Pellia. It was identified for me by Professor Ian Alexander retired professor of Botany at Aberdeen University. He said it was unusual to see it do this so profusely. I have masses of it in wet places in my ponies' grazing.
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Amazing. I've never seen the fruiting bodies that long or white. Thanks for the info.
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A mini forest on the local patch today img. 1010280.
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Two lichens on granite img 1010781 and img 1010782.
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Ian, your last one is Rhizocarpon geographicum I think!
Here is a slime mould named Leocarpus fragilis growing on an ant's hill. In Norw. it is called "chocolate eggs" due to its colour when ripe.
[attachimg=1]
[attachimg=2]
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Not my lawn (I have a lot more weeds!) but Sphagnum moss.
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A Scots pine in the background ;)
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Russula sp. It is a lot of similar-looking species around here (at least to me!)
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Pyrola secunda - flowers gone but it is still graceful!
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Empetrum hermaphroditum. Ripe berries, very good when you are thirsty in the forests or mountains - in the fall of course ;)
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Polystichum commune and Gymnocarpium dryopteris.
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Seems to be a fruitful year even at 950m.
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A pond encircled by sphagnum moss. A sedge (Carex rostrata) has the water all for itself.
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Russula sp. It is a lot of similar-looking species around here (at least to me!)
If it has an all white stipe and growing with conifers (especially pines), it will be Russula emetica, the Sickener, (which tells you it's poisonous).
Lovely images.
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If it has an all white stipe and growing with conifers (especially pines), it will be Russula emetica, the Sickener, (which tells you it's poisonous).
Lovely images.
Yes, I think you are right! Thanks. I didn't taste this one but usually taste a little sample to check ;)
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A pond encircled by sphagnum moss. A sedge (Carex rostrata) has the water all for itself.
More lovely images Trond. I suspect there will be various aquatic plants such as Potamogeton or Utricularia in amongst the Carex. I made the mistake of introducing C. rostrata to one of my garden ponds and it is an enthusiastic spreader.
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More lovely images Trond. I suspect there will be various aquatic plants such as Potamogeton or Utricularia in amongst the Carex. I made the mistake of introducing C. rostrata to one of my garden ponds and it is an enthusiastic spreader.
Thank you Tristan :)
Utricularia may grow there and Potamogeton surely; and also Myriophyllum I think!
Carex rostrata spreads a lot so I will never try it in my little pond ;)
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Carex rostrata spreads a lot so I will never try it in my little pond ;)
I scythe mine to keep it in check. Eleocharis palustris is a much better bet for a pond as it is lower growing and does not grow so dense.
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Thought I had posted this but its not showing so will try again. Went on some fieldwork a couple of weeks ago looking at some lowland ponds in Wrexham-Maelor. We had some rather hair-raising encounters with some frisky young cows, but came across this interesting thing - Ricciocarpos natans, an aquatic liverwort. There are only about ten records in the whole of Wales. It was growing in dense Typha swamp with another uncommon plant, Potamogeton alpinus.
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In habitat.
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We also found this Potamogeton obtusifolius, which isn't a moss or a liverwort but I guess all water plants are a bit under recorded. The unusually flattened stems deceived us into thinking it was the much rarer P. compressus initially, but careful examination of the specimens put us right.
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Potamogeton alpinus in habitat. I love this pondweed, why people grow inferior oxygenators like Canadian pondweed is beyond me.
[attachimg=5]
Cowbane, Cicuta virosa, is very common in this landscape, even though it is a rare plant in Britain.
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Ricciocarpos natans is not a native plant here but you can find it as a hitch-hiker when you buy plants for your pond. Maybe some have escaped too.
Potamogeton alpinus is very common though!
I know Potamogeton obtusifolius is common in a lake near my work, and possibly other lakes around here also. It grows together with P. perfoliatus, Callitriche hamulata, Elodea canadensis and a Nitella sp.
I have never found Cicuta virosa here but back in Oslo when I lived there!
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According to the field guide, Ricciocarpos natans is mostly Eastern England, in the UK. I have seen cowbane at Loch Kinnordy, near Kirriemuir. I think Ian Christie would have seen it?
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Four? different Sphagnums on the local patch today, img 102013, img. 102015, img. 102018 and img. 102019. I have been told that the last two are the same species S. palustre. The first is S. fallax and the second is S. capillifolium ssp. rubellum.
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Here is one of the 50 species we have here (but I am not sure of the names of any of them!)
This could be Sphagnum warnstorfii
[attachimg=1]
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Hello Trond, the UK field guide says S. warnstorfi is most often all deep crimson, but can be green. It is Northern in distribution in the UK. I am not a Bryologist. Some Sphagnums vary in colour, sometimes changing colour in winter. I wonder if yours is S. pulchrum, a very rare moss here in the UK.
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As I said, today I found a lot of mushrooms. I only know the first one which is an Amanita of some sort. The other ones, I named them m1-m4 ;D
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Gabriela, M1 could be Polyporus badius. M2 could be a Hygrocybe. M3 could be Lycoperdon pyriforme. There are too many similar ones to try M4. I used "Mushrooms by Roger Phillips." I expect you have many of the same species as we have.
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Hello Trond, the UK field guide says S. warnstorfi is most often all deep crimson, but can be green. It is Northern in distribution in the UK. I am not a Bryologist. Some Sphagnums vary in colour, sometimes changing colour in winter. I wonder if yours is S. pulchrum, a very rare moss here in the UK.
Ian youmay well be right. I am no bryologist either and warnstorfi was suggested to me.
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As I said, today I found a lot of mushrooms. I only know the first one which is an Amanita of some sort. The other ones, I named them m1-m4 ;D
I wouldn't eat any!
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Gabriela, M1 could be Polyporus badius. M2 could be a Hygrocybe. M3 could be Lycoperdon pyriforme. There are too many similar ones to try M4. I used "Mushrooms by Roger Phillips." I expect you have many of the same species as we have.
Thank you for ID Ian. You're right, many species from Europe also grow here, but of course there are others strictly North American.
I know a few but because I'm not seeing them too often, I forget the names. I suspected the m3 to be a puff ball.
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I wouldn't eat any!
Well, actually Trond, I could have collected the m3 ;)
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Well, actually Trond, I could have collected the m3 ;)
Well Gabriela, m3 looks a bit like some gasteromycetes I know (and dare to eat) but I never eat any mushroom I don't know!
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Well Gabriela, m3 looks a bit like some gasteromycetes I know (and dare to eat) but I never eat any mushroom I don't know!
Neither do I Trond; the only mushroom I collected and consumed is the giant puffball - no one I think can mistaken it for something else! Quite rare unfortunately and I read is a special concern species in Norway.
http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-fungi/calvatia-gigantea-giant-puffball (http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-fungi/calvatia-gigantea-giant-puffball)
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The giant puffball is rare in Norway and has never been common I think. I have only seen it a few times.
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Lichens and Old Man's Beard on the coast of Nova Scotia today.
john - +16c & crystal clear.
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Neither do I Trond; the only mushroom I collected and consumed is the giant puffball - no one I think can mistaken it for something else! Quite rare unfortunately and I read is a special concern species in Norway.
http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-fungi/calvatia-gigantea-giant-puffball (http://www.kew.org/science-conservation/plants-fungi/calvatia-gigantea-giant-puffball)
Yum, they are delicious! Not too rare here, though not something you come across all that often either - you need to be at the right place at the right time.
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A contribution to this thread taken at Awarua Bay near Invercargill. This particular site can be rather bleak. It is an old gravel quarry; the substrate is quartz peebles with very little soil.
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Cladia retipora
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Cladia retipora; this is a very lovely and distinctive lichen.
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Cladonia confusa; another common and distinctive lichen. The next picture is Dibaeis arcuata with the lovely stalked fruiting bodies.
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The structure of the lichens is so sculptural and yet dainty.
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As I said, today I found a lot of mushrooms. I only know the first one which is an Amanita of some sort. The other ones, I named them m1-m4 ;D
Hi Garbriela
I've not been a regular visitor to the forum this autumn so missed this post.
Your Amanita is possibly A. rubescens (the Blusher), but can't be certain.
M1 is Armillaria mellea (Honey Fungus).
M2 is Hygrocybe helobia.
M3 is Lycoperdon pyriforme (Stump Puffball) as Ian suggested.
M4 is a Cortinarius - a vast genus of several hundred species. The purple colour would narrow it down to 2 or 3 dozed. :o
I'm envious of all your woodland and fungi.
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A contribution to this thread taken at Awarua Bay near Invercargill. This particular site can be rather bleak. It is an old gravel quarry; the substrate is quartz peebles with very little soil.
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Cladia retipora
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Cladia retipora; this is a very lovely and distinctive lichen.
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Cladonia confusa; another common and distinctive lichen. The next picture is Dibaeis arcuata with the lovely stalked fruiting bodies.
David,
Looks familiar but foreign at the same time!
Here are a few from my area.
Flavocetraria nivalis + Cladonia stellaris:
[attachimg=1]
Alectoria ochroleuca:
[attachimg=2]
Mix
[attachimg=3]
Stereocaulon sp + Arctostaphylos alpina
[attachimg=4]
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All these lichens are so incredible beautiful David and Trond! Too bad we cannot cultivate them.
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Hi Garbriela
I've not been a regular visitor to the forum this autumn so missed this post.
Your Amanita is possibly A. rubescens (the Blusher), but can't be certain.
M1 is Armillaria mellea (Honey Fungus).
M2 is Hygrocybe helobia.
M3 is Lycoperdon pyriforme (Stump Puffball) as Ian suggested.
M4 is a Cortinarius - a vast genus of several hundred species. The purple colour would narrow it down to 2 or 3 dozed. :o
I'm envious of all your woodland and fungi.
Thank you very much! I wrote the names in my files, so next year I'll know better. The woodland at this point is as enchanting as in the spring time. It's been quite dry this year but still a lot of mushrooms. Here are a few more.
Found the giant puffball - Calvatia gigantea :)
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Another Amanita, Hygrocybe and a Mycena (most probably) - Xeromphalina campanella; m5 - I couldn't ID the genus.
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All these lichens are so incredible beautiful David and Trond! Too bad we cannot cultivate them.
Gabriela, Are you sure? Most (all) lichens will regrow from pieces. I am sure many can be grown in a garden if you try!
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Thank you very much! I wrote the names in my files, so next year I'll know better. The woodland at this point is as enchanting as in the spring time. It's been quite dry this year but still a lot of mushrooms. Here are a few more.
Ah, more fungi to drool over!
1. Amanita muscaria var. formosa - the yellow form of the common Fly Agaric. If you look closely you will see some red blushing on some caps.
2. Hygrocybe acutoconica
3. Xeromphalina campanella - (Mycena, almost without exception, are conical in shape and usually pale in colour).
4. Can't place this one but feel it has to be another Amanita.
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Gabriela, Are you sure? Most (all) lichens will regrow from pieces. I am sure many can be grown in a garden if you try!
I should persevere that's for sure ;)
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Ah, more fungi to drool over!
1. Amanita muscaria var. formosa - the yellow form of the common Fly Agaric. If you look closely you will see some red blushing on some caps.
2. Hygrocybe acutoconica
3. Xeromphalina campanella - (Mycena, almost without exception, are conical in shape and usually pale in colour).
4. Can't place this one but feel it has to be another Amanita.
Thanks again - I must find more mushrooms for you :) I've corrected the 'Mycena'. The only guide in the house is - Mushrooms of Ontario and Eastern Canada; I must rectify this discriminatory situation ;)
How about a Pholiota for the unknown?
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Thanks again - I must find more mushrooms for you :) I've corrected the 'Mycena'. The only guide in the house is - Mushrooms of Ontario and Eastern Canada; I must rectify this discriminatory situation ;)
How about a Pholiota for the unknown?
I did consider the Scalycaps but they tend to have lighter caps than the one you have illustrated. There is so much variation, of course, and it may me a species we don't get over here.
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Tropical lichens (Venezuela 2011) just to compare:
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I did consider the Scalycaps but they tend to have lighter caps than the one you have illustrated. There is so much variation, of course, and it may me a species we don't get over here.
OK, I will leave it as 'unknown' then; they are not easy to ID, plus that I didn't take enough close-up pictures.
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Tropical lichens (Venezuela 2011) just to compare:
Wow :o I should have some interesting ones from Peru (if to get to the bottom of pictures on the backup storage).
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My little persimmon stump had a glorious good-bye this year:
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My little persimmon stump had a glorious good-bye this year:
A wonderful image.
Almost certainly Turkey Tail (Trametes versicolor), although there are one or two similar looking species.
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My little persimmon stump had a glorious good-bye this year:
Looks nice, Rick. Did you cut the pesimmon on purpose or did it die of something?
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We all have to admit that only in the plant world the 'decay' can result in such wonderful imagery ;)
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How I loved that Meader persimmon. It grew for 13 years to a height of 3m. It's always been iffy here in my cold climate, but even survived a -35°F (-37°C) winter. (The cultivar came from state of New Hampshire, USA. New Hampshire is also zone 4 like me, but a different kind of climate.) It's the wacky cold temperature swings that we get with climate change now that did it in. I would get more than a hundred persimmons on the tree in the last years of its life, and they were oh so yummy! Meader is self-fruitful and has no seeds, too. It died the winter of 2011-2012.
Thanks for the probable fungus ID, Chris.
Some more pics from a couple weeks ago, growing on an old fallen Sugar maple log in the woods.
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Here is the same fungus Hericium coralloides, growing on wood in mixed Nothofagus forest taken near Te Anau earlier this year. It is very good to eat.
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Lovely images Rick and David.
One I long to see but something of a tree desert here.
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Very nice Rick and David!
I have seen it a couple times here but it is rare.
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Could be a Cotinarius? img. 1020078. Birch polypore, piptoporus betulinus img. 1020082.
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Birch polypore is called "knivkjuke" in Norwegian. If you insert your steel knife into the polypore the knife doesn't rust!
(http://murul.no/KIM/Bilder/fullformat/KIMILL_VOLD012_web1.jpg)
Picture from this site: http://murul.no/KIM/brukskniver.html (http://murul.no/KIM/brukskniver.html)
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Could be a Cotinarius? img. 1020078. Birch polypore, piptoporus betulinus img. 1020082.
Could well be, Ian. Given the colour, shape and substrate, I might lean towards Conocybe (both difficult genera). Do you have an image of the stipe and gills?
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Birch polypore is called "knivkjuke" in Norwegian. If you insert your steel knife into the polypore the knife doesn't rust!
Picture from this site: http://murul.no/KIM/brukskniver.html (http://murul.no/KIM/brukskniver.html)
Interesting, what would be the explanation for this? - translation, please.
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Sorry Chris, they were only small and I don,t like risking breaking the stem to get a better photo. They were growing on a path made from wood chips, on peat.
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Sorry Chris, they were only small and I don,t like risking breaking the stem to get a better photo. They were growing on a path made from wood chips, on peat.
Never mind, we will just admire the photograph.
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Interesting, what would be the explanation for this? - translation, please.
Gabriela,
Knivkjuke has been used in many ways due to its rubber like consistency. It has been used as pincushion and for keeping other steel tools in place, but also as medicine. If it really hinder rust I do not know. Can't find any scientific article about it and I have not tried myself. Maybe the dense consistency hinder O2 and/or water to react with the steel or chemicals like triterpenes do the same.
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Thanks Trond. I thought the article linked was given explanations. Interesting anyway.
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Cladonia on a piece of wood img. 1020173.
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Interesting, what would be the explanation for this? - translation, please.
Rather brilliantly, 'kniv' means 'knife', and 'kjuke' means 'southeastern inland counties'. At least that's what it say on Google translate, so it must be true! ;D
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Moss on a tree stump in wet woodland img. 1020247.
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These photos were taken in beech forest on the Kiwi Burn loop track ( near Lake Te Anau) on Dec 10th.
Bunodophoron australe growing on a tree trunk.
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Cladonia pleurota a colony growing on a very old tree stump
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Pseudocyphellaria billardierei (or at least that's the provisional identification of my lichen guru). This spectacular foliose lichen was growing on a tree trunk.
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Yarrumia colensoi (Pseudocyphellaria colensoi)
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Pseudocyphellaria granulata
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Crocodia rubella (Pseudocyphellaria rubella)
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Thanks for showing these David, lovely images.
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The beauty of the lichens in all their complexity never ceases to amaze me!
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The beauty of the lichens in all their complexity never ceases to amaze me!
-------- Very well said, Gabriela!
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Their complexity just got more so - for the past 150 years we have believed lichens have a dual nature, a combination of fungi with either algae or cyanobacteria. Just this year research was published showing that for many lichens a third organism is also involved - another fungus. So many are a combination of three organisms, not the two we had thought. There is a good concise account of this here: http://theconversation.com/lichens-may-be-a-symbiosis-of-three-organisms-a-new-order-of-fungus-named-63334 (http://theconversation.com/lichens-may-be-a-symbiosis-of-three-organisms-a-new-order-of-fungus-named-63334)
Paul
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Thanks Paul - this is very exciting news.
The lichens keep giving us good lessons for long-term, peaceful coexistence ;)
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Rare Lichens of Oregon
Exeter, Ronald L., Charity Glade, and Scot Loring. 2016. Rare Lichens of Oregon. Salem District, Bureau of Land Management, Salem, Oregon. ISBN-13: 978-0-9791310-6-6. 195 p.
Abstract.
This Bureau of Land Management publication provides species-specific information on 78 special status lichen species included in the 2016 publication of Rare, Threatened and Endangered Species of Oregon by the Oregon Biodiversity Information Center (ORBIC). Additionally, Leptogium compactum is included and considered rare in Oregon. Individual treatments include synonyms, common names, field summaries, diagnostic characters, species descriptions, ecologies, distributions, similar species, and county distribution maps. Also included are species distribution maps by Oregon counties and over 290 photos and drawings.
Available to buy as printed book or download as a pdf here: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309032897_Rare_Lichens_of_Oregon (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309032897_Rare_Lichens_of_Oregon)
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It was good to see Lichens being featured on Gardeners World on Friday.
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A lichen on birch on the local patch img. 1020302.
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A couple of common lichens from my garden Ramalina sp and Teloschistes chrysophthalmus. Lichens are always interesting photographic subjects especially if the wind is blowing everything else around.
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I have just discovered this theme and am thrilled about the pictures shown ... from another world.
Last year I saw this lichen (on limestone rock) in the Arctic-Alpine-Garden in Chemnitz ... I suspect Cladonia fimbriata .
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Some Cladonia spp seen in the montane birch forest during Easter. Hope the names are correct!
Cladonia arbuscula with Cetraria islandica
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Cladonia ecmocyna
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Cladonia gracilis
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Cladonia pleurota
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Mix
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Troy, it looks like you have had a good Easter.
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Interesting Cladonia pleurota is found in Norway as well as New Zealand!
Some more lichens from a recent trip to the northern part of the South Island: Sticta latifrons epiphytic on the trunk of silver beech (Nothofagus menziesii)
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A glade covered with mainly Cladia retipora
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Lichen garden with a least five different species of lichen
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More lichens with Gaultheria macrostigma
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More lichens this time from the West Coast. The high rainfall (even more than in Scotland) encourages the growth of lichens and bryophytes to the extent that every available surface supports a profusion of cryptograms.
The first photo shows a shrub of Myrsine divaricata growing on the margin of beech forest in the Blue Grey River. The branches are entirely covered with lichens.
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Next a close up of a large foliose lichen growing on the Myrsine. Provisional identification is a species of Hypogymnia
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Final picture is a clump of lichens at the base of a beech tree in the Victoria Forest Park. The forest is very dense so it is difficult to isolate a subject and get good photos.
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Dreamlike photos, David..., as usual. It looks like in the fairy tale wood.
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Aulacomnium palustre on the local patch img. 1020549.
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Here are a couple of lichen photos this time from my own garden. First a lichen covered boulder in my rock garden. The boulder which is hard basaltic volcanic rock is completely with different lichens.
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Second is a species of Placopsis also growing on a basaltic boulder. The interesting thing is that the surface is covered with a biological crust that facilitates the breakdown of the mineral substrate.
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When I prepare stone for building I generally strip away the weathered surface layer with a water blaster and it is remarkable how quickly it re-establishes .
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I am starting to document the lichens as well as the bryophytes in our Sacramento, California, neighborhood. I found a few foliose lichen species. This Candelaria species was growing on Liriodendron and Zelkova (street trees). It is either C. concolor (most likely) or C. pacifica. I also saw Flavoparmelia caperata from a distance on Prunus mume (I need permission from the home owner to photograph it). The number of lichen species at the farm in El Dorado County is much greater. Of coarse, there are many lichen in the Sierra Neavada Mountains too. I will post photographs on my diary as I can. :)
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Colourful Sphagnum img. 1020834. A lichen on a wall, maybe Rhizocarpon geographicum img.00031. Same wall img.00034. A xanthoria sp? img. 00036. An orange species img. 00032. All lichens were on a dry stone wall inland.
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Ian,
Those are some beautiful Lichens, a nice Bryophyte too.
A few crustose lichens from the Sierra Nevada.
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Lecanora mellea (center left - brown) with Rhizocarpon, most likely lecanorinum (yellow lichens). I still need to ID the others on this rock. Below the Lecanora is Umbillicaria hyperborea. Just one more to ID. :)
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Pleopsidium flavum
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More lichens from El Dorado County, California
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Evernia prunastri. This is a very common fruticose species found on the twigs of Quercus at our El Dorado County farm.
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Flavopunctelia flavantior. A foliose species on Quercus at our El Dorado County farm. This species can almost completely cover the bark, even on large branches.
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A small oak twig with three lichen species: Xanthomedoza fallax (large orange), Xanothoria candelaria (tiny orange with many apothecia, and Candelaria concolor. Xanthomedoza and Candelaria are generally indicative of a nitrogen rich environment. Sample from near the main county road at our El Dorado County farm.
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Hypogymnia species, most likely heterophylla. A foliose species found growing on Pinus jeffreyi, Gerle Creek, El Dorado County, California.
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Umbillicaria hyerborea. A foliose species, on metamorphic rock, Gerle Creek, El Dorado County, California. The same species can be found on the same metamorphic rock at Loon Lake, a bit higher up the mountain.
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Rhizocarpon species, most likely R. lecanorinum (convex, curved areoles that partially surround the black apothecia). Metamorphic rock, Gerle Creek, El Dorado County, California. Also seen on the same metamorphic rock at Loon Lake.
A good way to spend my birthday. :)
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Happy birthday, Robert!
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Yes! Many happy returns of the day, dear Robert!!
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Ralph, Maggi,
Thank you! :) 8)
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Happy Birthday from me too Robert.
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Here is a landscape in miniature mosses and lichens on a rock outcrop in my garden. I have been trying out a new macro lens. These resized jpegs are not as sharp as the originals.
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Fascinating - truly a landscape in miniature!
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The air in our area is still too polluted for many lichen species. I wish I had a garden like David.
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I wished this also... in every regard. What for spectacular photos. Brilliantly.
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Some mosses on the local patch.[attachimg=1][attachimg=2][attachimg=3][attachimg=4] First is Cryphaea heteromalla. Second is Dicranoweisia cirrata. Third is Plagiothecium undulatum and fourth is Sphagnum squarrosum.
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A tiny liverwort. The "large" frond is less than 5mm long. Lophocolea bidentata.
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Thuidium tamariscinum, found today.
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Thuidium tamariscinum, found today.
How delicate this Thuidium Ian. Admiring mosses on snowless periods is all one can do here in the winter. I got a bit lazy with posting so a few images taken in mid January, if I remember well.
Except Rhodobryum, I am not very sure about the other names
Rhodobryum ontariense
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Neckera (complanata maybe)
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Plagiothecium
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A Thuidium maybe
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[attachimg=3]Hello,
I organize a botanical outing in the dunes (Pas de Calais France) in June.
can anyone tell me this beautiful licken?
high of 20 to 30 cm. it is present in some hollow dunes.
sometimes it grows into a ball (10 to 20 cm) in diameter and rolls with the wind: an astonishing landscape with a small sound of rolling licken balls ...[attachimg=1]
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Hello Veronique, lichens are a difficult group to identify, especially for a novice like me. Your lichen looks like a Cladonia species. Those that grow on sand dunes include Cladonia furcata and C. rangiformis. There are others which look similar. I found a paper on the internet by Raphael Jun and Francoise Roze, "Monitoring Bryophytes and Lichen Dynamics in Sand Dunes: example on the French Atlantic Coast." email raphael.jun@univ-rennes1.fr Maybe if you email Raphael he may be able to help. The paper is written as an academic study and may be less understood by ordinary people? At least it gives the names of lichens found on dunes during the study.
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thanks Ian!
the genus is already very good :)
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A few mosses and lichens.
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I discovered this charming society of different life forms yesterday in the entrance area of the Arctic Alpine Garden. Saxifraga, mushrooms and this funnel lichen...Cladonia fimbriata...
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...probably widespread in Europe...but I find them very interesting.
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Shared today by Kristl Walek....
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This year Kew Science, with partners, has discovered 172 varieties, species or genera of #fungi and #plants new to science.
In this #KewScienceBlog scientist Martin Cheek shares some of these discoveries: https://goo.gl/Q2pr2Y
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Posting this here because the list begins with fungi!
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Thanks for this Maggi. There may be species of wildlife in the UK still to be discovered. This becomes more likely if people make the effort to look. A species of Plume Moth was found on our local patch more than 100 years after its last record there. This year our small group (3) have recorded the moth in various stages of development on the site. I would encourage members to look at their own "local patch" and keep a record of what they see.
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I'm pleased Maggi has brought Kew Science to the attention of membership, and I couldn't agree more with Ian's recording ethos.
We have a similar small recording group for the Outer Hebrides: https://www.ohbr.org.uk/database.php, (https://www.ohbr.org.uk/database.php,) largely based in the Uists for logistical reason. Ferry trips to Harris and Lewis are expensive and time-consuming, but we try and get there at least twice a year.
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Good to hear of the recording done on the Islands Chris. Is anyone recording shells? It should be remembered by the general public that records held by organisations such as the National Biodiversity Network (NBN) are the records that are forwarded to that Organisation by people who undertake fieldwork. It is by no means a complete list of wildlife for an area. Anyone can make records of wildlife if they have an interest. If people are unsure of what they have seen there are many wildlife groups throughout the UK to give guidance. Why not make it a New Years Resolution to join a wildlife group?
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Good to hear of the recording done on the Islands Chris. Is anyone recording shells?
Yes, I record shells, but not casually. I target groups and make a concentrated effort. For two years it was recording algae, both seaweeds and freshwater. This autumn the fungi hat was but on again. :) This year will be lichens and fungi, but I have a request to do more desmids.
This is why I don't know much about rock gardening, I just enjoy it.
All our records go to NBN but I agree there are many data missing.
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A few more mosses and lichens.
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Sphagnum with intermediate sundew.
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Lesser clubmoss.
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A stonewort.
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Tree lungwort, Lobaria viridis.
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What I know about these things could be written on the sharp end of a pin - but they are fascinating!
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Lovely plants Ian 8)
Hereabouts it's mostly Drosera rotundifolia, or less commonly D. intermedia.
I recognise some of the mosses and sphagnums but couldn't put a name to most of them unfortunately. However the variety of forms, textures and colours are endlessly beautiful, as Maggi says.
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I wish I knew something about mosses and lichens but I suppose I am too lazy to find out.
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An introductory video about lichens ..... What actually is a lichen? Expert lichenologist Joe Hope explains.
https://www.facebook.com/JemmaCholawoArtist/videos/2414533738762567/ (https://www.facebook.com/JemmaCholawoArtist/videos/2414533738762567/)
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I love stoneworts Ian - really pretty little plants and also good for water quality. There aren't that many species so it's possible to become reasonably expert without too much effort, though like much in botany the terminology is very off-putting to start with.
Yours is most likely Chara virgata, though the photo doesn't show key characters in enough detail to be sure. All Chara can be identified as soon as you pull them out of the water, because they smell of stale garlic!
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When the weather is indifferent and the wind is blowing lichens make good photographic subjects so I have been taking a few lichen pictures lately
These crustose lichens form beautiful patterns on boulders. Each lichen colony is marked by a black border where there is some sort of chemical warfare going on. The brown colours are due to iron staining; the iron being derived from the rock substrate.
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Here is an olive-green foliose lichen. The name I was given for it is Xanthoparmelia verisidiosa.
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and last but not least Xanthoparmelia scabrosa. It is known informally as the sexy pavement lichen. It seem to have hit the headlines round the world following a report on one of the NZ news sites. see https://www.newsroom.co.nz/@health--science/2019/08/14/745287/please-dont-lick-the-sexy-pavement-lichen# (https://www.newsroom.co.nz/@health--science/2019/08/14/745287/please-dont-lick-the-sexy-pavement-lichen#) also
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/aug/15/new-zealanders-warned-about-the-consumption-of-sexy-pavement-lichen (https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/aug/15/new-zealanders-warned-about-the-consumption-of-sexy-pavement-lichen) My lichenologist friend Allison who is quoted in the Guardian article coined this name for it and it seems to have caught the public's imagination. The Guardian did not manage to get the photo right. There is a lot of it round here growing in the pollution -free fresh air of the Otago Peninsula; any requests for it should be accompanied by cash (or bitcoin). :)
So here it is is a rather un-preposessing cabbagey, grey foliose lichen:-
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Good photos. David.
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Thanks, Ian, for your kind words. Looking at your photos I see similarities between N. Hemisphere lichens and the ones we find in New Zealand even though they are not necessarily the same species.
In the first photo there is a lot going on: The grey lichen (upper right centre) is the subject of the photo. It has conspicuous brown apothecia. It is surrounded by three patches of a light coloured foliose lichen. There is a grey foliose lichen (lower left centre) which is overgrowing its neighbours.
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Next picture shows a light coloured foliose lichen aggressively colonising a boulder and about to overgrow a white crustose lichen on the right.
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Next a white crustose lichen with black apothecia and a close up showing detail of the same.
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Last photo is Placopsis rhodopthalma, an attactive crustose lichen with pink apothecia. The black nodules are called cephalodia. They contain cyanobacteria in an otherwise green algal thallus and have the ability to fix nitrogen.
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I have been reading up on Selaginella rupestris reproduction since I notice these on my plants:
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-- Are these megaspores from dehisced megasporangia? They are about one millimeter long.
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Strobilus and vegetative stem
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Our two linden trees planted between the sidewalk and the street in the very early 1900s are almost completely covered in lichens, most heavily in the main trunks. The bark is barely visible. One wonders if the pandemic has speeded their growth. Noticed 2" old man's beards starting up as well.
john
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Lichens are fascinating
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White coral slime mold
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Clubmoss
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I did see a couple of Hericium posts in the thread.
Here is Hericium americanum. It is delicious, taste and consistency of scallops.
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Clubmoss
Wonderful plants. Any idea what species this is Nik?
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I believe it is Dendrolycopodium obscurum. Not 100% sure though..
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Xanthoparmelia plittii
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Mycena leaiana
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Plicaturopsis crispa (syn. Plicatura crispa)
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Hedwigia ciliata
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Umbilicaria mammulata, a very large lichen.
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Wolf’s milk slime mold, Lycogala epidendrum
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Dicranum fulvum
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That's quite a variety, Nik.
Are all these in your yard?
cheers
fermi
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Hi Fermi, yes, all in our yard.
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Hypnum imponens, one of my favorite mosses in our yard, because it forms large golden-green mats/carpets that look great year-round, wet or dry.
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Delicate fern moss, Thuidium delicatulum
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No ID large Xanthoparmelia? Among other lichens on large stones
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Cladonia sp. and Clavulina sp.
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Cladonia macilenta
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Cladonia chlorophaea
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Polytrichum commune is the most abundant moss in the yard. Forms large dense colonies which don’t allow many weeds to germinate. This makes it a good choice for easy maintenance moss garden.
I estimate we have more than 50 species of moss and probably similar number of lichens on the property, and I don’t know the species name for most of them.
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Platygyrium repens, oil spill moss
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Leucobryum sp.
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Amanita sp.
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Few random shots not in our yard, but close by.
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Nik, the third and fifth pictures look like a fungus we have in the UK, called Turkey Tail, Trametes versicolor.
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Thanks, Ian! That indeed seems to be the correct ID. (By the way, we have many wild turkeys that visit our yard almost daily)
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Few more from the yard.
This one is delicious. Lactifluus hygrophoroides.
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Some Russula sp.
In our yard they come in almost every color of the rainbow, except blue. Slugs LOVE them.
Quite important for several members of the Ericaceae family in our yard in terms of mycorrhizal associations.
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And a no ID bluish-purplish one.
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The aptly named worm moss, Bryoandersonia illecebra, using Tortella sp. as a substrate.
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Mitchella repens, partridgeberry, is a nice evergreen ground cover that can easily overtake the moss in the yard if left unchecked. Thankfully, hungry deer eat most of it during the winter which saves me a lot of weeding.
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Helodium paludosum?
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Strobilomyces strobilaceus, old man of the woods.
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Hygrohypnum sp.
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I has been very windy the last couple of days, and now there are plenty of leaves in my ‘maintained’ moss garden. I will remove them as soon as possible. Weeding and removing any debris on top of the moss is a key aspect of having a good moss area. The rest of the yard does not get this treatment, leaves stay wherever they are.
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Dicranum scoparium
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A nice patch of Hypnum imponens that I am not maintaining, all natural.
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Bristly haircap moss, Polytrichum piliferum. Tiny but beautiful… the antheridia look almost like miniscule peonies.
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Nik
Polytrichum piliferum is another beaty, it’s great to meet plants this way that are easily overlooked.
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Akke,
That species is cosmopolitan, so it can be enjoyed in every country. Another one is Polytrichum juniperinum, very similar but less vibrant colors. It is slightly behind piliferum in terms of development in our yard. I’ll post a picture later when they are in ‘bloom’.
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Nik
Thanks, I’ll keep an eye on this subject and suitable moss places around here. 😀
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There are more than 700 species of moss in the UK. Their forms are many. Here are just a few seen yesterday.
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Such a great variety of forms and colours Ian, and very nice photos.
I recognise most of them (not by name unfortunately :-[), but don't recall ever having seen the one third last above.
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There are more than 700 species of moss in the UK. Their forms are many. Here are just a few seen yesterday.
...... and great photos, Ian, to show how different these can be.
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The Hidden World of Mosses by Dr Neil Bell.
ISBN-10 191087745X
ISBN-13 978-1910877456
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Mosses and their relatives, liverworts and hornworts are often tiny and overlooked, but their importance is considerable - and many in Scotland are very rare and special varieties.
Written by Dr Neil Bell, a bryologist at RBGE, The Hidden World of Mosses examines the wide variety of species found across the globe – there are nearly 20,000 known worldwide, with 1,000 in the UK alone – and the important functions they perform.
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Sorry about the late reply Ashley, only just seen it. I thought this moss was a Fissidens but a Bryologist told me it was not.
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Thanks Ian. The variety of bryophytes is fascinating but I can identify very few :(
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Same here Ashley, I can pick out Sphagnum and that,s about it. I was starting to learn a bit by going on walks with a Bryologist but I seem to be forgetting more than I,m learning these days.
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Ashley, I,ve just been told by a Bryologist that the moss is Plagiomnium undulatum.
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Thanks Ian. Interesting information about it here (https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=59dda62b35d5b939JmltdHM9MTY4ODQyODgwMCZpZ3VpZD0wZGE3YmM0OS1kMzk5LTZkNTctMWQ1MC1hZjBkZDJlNjZjOWYmaW5zaWQ9NTQyNw&ptn=3&hsh=3&fclid=0da7bc49-d399-6d57-1d50-af0dd2e66c9f&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYnJpdGlzaGJyeW9sb2dpY2Fsc29jaWV0eS5vcmcudWsvd3AtY29udGVudC91cGxvYWRzLzIwMjAvMTIvQXRsYXMtb2YtQnJpdGlzaC1hbmQtSXJpc2gtQnJ5b3BoeXRlcy1WMi00MDgucGRmIzp-OnRleHQ9QWNvbnNwaWN1b3VzJTIwYW5kJTIwYWJ1bmRhbnQlMjBtb3NzJTIwaW4lMjB3b29kbGFuZCUyMG9uJTIwZGFtcCxwaWxpZmVydW0lMkMlMjBFdXJoeW5jaGl1bSUyMHN0cmlhdHVtJTJDJTIwVGhhbW5vYnJ5dW0lMjBhbG9wZWN1cnVtJTIwYW5kJTIwVGh1aWRpdW0lMjB0YW1hcmlzY2ludW0u&ntb=1) (a download).